Specifying PLA nonwoven fabric correctly is the first step to getting consistent material for your production line. The three most important parameters are weight (GSM), width, and roll requirements (length, core, winding). This guide explains how to define each one, what to ask suppliers, and how to evaluate samples before committing to a purchase order.
Start with the Application and Required Fabric Weight
PLA stands for polylactic acid, and it can be used in fibers, nonwovens, and textiles. For nonwoven applications, weight is usually expressed in grams per square meter (GSM). Common PLA nonwoven weights range from about 20 GSM for lightweight filter media to 80 GSM or higher for durable industrial wipes or packaging. The right weight depends on the end use:
- 20–30 GSM: tea bag material, light filtration, disposable medical fabrics
- 30–50 GSM: general wipes, hygiene products, agricultural covers
- 50–80+ GSM: durable packaging, interlinings, industrial applications
When you contact a supplier, state the target GSM and the acceptable tolerance. For example, “35 GSM ±5%” is a clear specification. Avoid vague terms like “lightweight” or “medium weight” because they lead to inconsistent quotes.
Define Width and Roll Dimensions for Your Converting Process
Width is the cross-machine dimension of the roll. Specify the exact width in millimeters or inches, and clarify whether you need slit rolls or full-width master rolls. Common slit widths for PLA nonwoven are 100 mm, 200 mm, 500 mm, or 1000 mm, but custom slitting is often available. Also define:
- Roll length: usually in meters or yards. Longer rolls reduce changeover time but increase roll weight.
- Core size: 3-inch (76 mm) or 6-inch (152 mm) inner diameter are typical. Confirm the core material (paper or plastic) and whether it must be recyclable.
- Maximum roll diameter: important for storage and unwinding equipment.
- Winding direction: specify which side faces out (e.g., “spunbond side out” or “smooth side out”).
Ask for a roll drawing or specification sheet before sampling. This prevents surprises during trial runs.
Request the Right Sample and Test Plan
Before placing a bulk order, request a sample roll or cut sheet that matches your target specification. Evaluate the sample for:
- Basis weight uniformity: measure GSM at multiple points across the width and along the length. Variation should be within the agreed tolerance.
- Width accuracy: check that the slit width is consistent from start to finish.
- Tensile strength and elongation: ask for test data or perform your own tests according to ASTM or ISO methods. PLA nonwoven strength depends on fiber bonding and web formation.
- Surface properties: if you need hydrophilic or hydrophobic treatment, confirm the treatment level and durability.
- Roll build quality: check for telescoping, soft spots, or core collapse.
Keep a record of the sample lot number and test results. This helps you compare future shipments and hold suppliers accountable.
Communicate Clearly with Suppliers
When you send a request for quotation (RFQ), include a specification sheet with these fields:
- Material: 100% PLA or PLA blend (state the exact blend ratio)
- Process: spunbond or spunlace
- GSM and tolerance
- Width and tolerance
- Roll length and core size
- Winding direction
- Surface treatment (if any)
- Packaging and labeling requirements
- Target quantity and delivery schedule
Ask for a certificate of analysis (COA) with each shipment. The COA should list actual GSM, width, roll length, and any relevant test results. If the supplier cannot provide a COA, consider that a red flag.
PLA Nonwoven Options from BMC
The BMC website currently presents PLA fiber, yarn, textile filament, fabric, tea bag material, and coffee filter material. For nonwoven buyers, the PLA fabric and tea bag material pages are the most relevant starting points. The public catalog snapshot for PLA nonwoven lists 100% PLA fiber, spunbond or spunlace, hydrophilic treatment, and a 35 GSM example. A 75% PLA / 25% viscose example is also listed. Tea bag material is shown at 21, 24, and 33 GSM. These examples can help you understand the range of available weights, but you should always confirm current specifications directly with the supplier.
If you are evaluating PLA nonwoven for a specific application, request a sample that matches your target GSM and width. The PLA fabric page provides an overview of nonwoven options, and the PLA fiber page explains the raw material. For tea bag or filtration applications, the tea bag material page may be useful. When you are ready to discuss your requirements, contact the sales team with your specification sheet.